1984, Ph.D. in Chemical Physics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
1979, B.S. in Chemistry, Royal Holloway College, London University
Magnesium ion channels and transporters regulate the cellular concentrations of Mg2+, which must be tightly controlled as imbalances have been associated with diseases such as osteoporosis, diabetes, and high blood pressure in humans. They allow the "native" Mg2+ to be transported against a high background concentration of its major competitor, Ca2+. Their selectivity filters (the narrowest part of the open pore) control metal ion selectivity.